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The northern-most part of Norway is Svalbard, an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean. While perhaps best known as the home of the Panserbjørne, a race of armored, sentient polar bears in Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials trilogy, this freezing chain of islands has other notable sides to it. Apart from having "the world's northernmost school, church, hospital, bank, airport, newspaper and movie theatre", it is also the home of the Svalbard Global Seed Vault, an air-locked vault constructed 120 metres inside a sandstone mountain that contains seeds from many of the world's cultivated crop varieties and their related wild variants. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation is one of the groups that has provided funds to help gather and store seeds in the highly-secure seed bank. The Seed Bank is located on Spitsbergen, the largest of the three populated islands (there are over a dozen islands altogether). The other two inhabited islands are Bear Island and Hopen. Also located on Spitsbergen is the administrative centre of Longyearbyen (pronounced 'lungyer-bin' and meaning Longyear City, after the founder, American coal entrepreneur, John Munro Longyear), population 2,075. It is one of the northern-most settlements in the world (the most northern is Alert, Nunavut, Canada. In 2006 it had a population of five), and it is compulsory for visitors leaving the safety of town to carry a firearm, which can be rented in the settlement. The reason for this is the greatly-feared polar bears, which, while a protected species, are a significant danger. Svalbard is one of the few places on earth where there are red-outlined, triangular wildlife hazard signs with the silhouette of a polar bear on them. According to a BBC correspondent, every university student's first day is spent learning how to shoot the bears (aim for the chest, not the head).
The same BBC writer relates an odd piece of information:
It is forbidden to die in the Arctic town of Longyearbyen. Should you have the misfortune to fall gravely ill, you can expect to be despatched by aeroplane or ship to another part of Norway to end your days. And if you are terminally unlucky and succumb to misfortune or disease, no-one will bury you here. The town's small graveyard stopped accepting newcomers 70 years ago, after it was discovered that the bodies were failing to decompose.
I found this curious and have written to the tourism board and the governor asking for more information on this. I suppose I'll update or post again when I find out more.
Sources: Svalbard on Wikipedia Longyearbyen on Wikipedia Longyearbyen on Wikitravel Svalbard Global Seed Vault on Wikipedia Svalbard Global Seed Vault BBC Svalbard Tourism Governor of Svalbard
Bonus fact: LJ spell-check does not recognise 'aeroplane', 'despatch', 'theatre', 'centre', or 'metre'. Or 'recognise', for that matter.
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