An economists counteroffer [PDF] to Pascal's Wager. A nice demonstration of how infinite payoffs distort the analysis of games. The summary is that the author offers a recommendation on his direct line to God that you should get into heaven - at the cost of all your worldly goods. If you believe there is a non-zero chance that he is telling the truth (however small), it is correct for you to take him up on it. Can be considered a reductio ad absurdum of Pascal's Wager, basically saying that if the payoff to getting into heaven really is infinite, then no amount of worldly resources/happiness are too much to sacrifice for an increased chance, no matter how small, of getting there. The fact that people don't act this way is strong evidence that they don't consider a happy afterlife to have infinite value.
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Comments
It would be strong evidence, if people were actually rational actors. As is, I simply find it amusing.
My counter to Pascal is as follows:
I accept that a happy afterlife has infinite value, and that therefore any way of increasing your chances is worthwhile. But how do you know which actions will increase your chances? Which religion is right? Are any of them? Might not GHod be a rationalist, who wishes to encourage critical thinking? In that instance, having faith in god (any god) might bar you from heaven all by itself.
(Infinites still screw this up, since you'll be adding and subtracting them from each other.)
If you're multiplying very small probabilities with very large results (e.g. lotteries, airplane crashes), and you have poor resolution on the small probabilities end, it's easy to end up with distorted results.
So one explanation for why people wouldn't act on the author's offer is that the offer isn't credible enough to get bumped from the intuitive valuation of zero truth to "very unlikely".
I'd be curious to see the results of a study testing that idea... something where you could get people to make judgements based on very small probabilities without giving them an opportunity for rational analysis.
Pascal (a funny guy if you study his life), and a catholic, “assumes” that a god would be vindictive. This is the only consideration for those that believe in this trite matrix to begin with.
Why do you concern yourself with “all religions?”